Bitcoin climbed to a record, taking less than three years to replicate the euphoric ascent that catapulted the cryptocurrency into the mainstream consciousness.

The world's largest digital-asset rallied as much as 8.7% to $19,857.03 Monday, pushing this year's surge to more than 170%, according to data compiled by Bloomberg. It traded at a few cents for several years after its late 2008 launch by an unknown software developer in the wake of the global financial crash. Shares of companies with exposure to cryptocurrencies also jumped, with Marathon Patent Group Inc. and Riot Blockchain Inc. each rising at least 22%. MicroStrategy Inc., a software company that has been buying Bitcoin, added 20%.

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